Wat betekent?
Wat betekent?
Blog Article
Kurda must have fallen into the hands ofwel Šamši - Adad around the time that he took Šubat - Enlil , hence around twintig - 25 years before the end of his reign and the advent ofwel Zimri - Lim . ^
De Koerden verliezen hier vrijwel allemaal en sindsdien wonen ze verspreid aan de landen Irak, Iran, Syrië en Turkije. Het enig het lukt kan zijn erkenning aangaande de Koerdische taal in dit Iraakse gebied. In een jaren welke volgen blijven de Koerden strijden voor verdere autonomie of onafhankelijkheid; op politieke manier, maar soms verder betreffende geweld.
Kurds received harsh verzorging at the hands of the Turkish authorities for generations. In response to uprisings in the 1920s and 1930s, many Kurds were resettled, Kurdish names and costumes were banned, the use of the Kurdish language was restricted, and eventjes the existence ofwel a Kurdish ethnic identity was denied, with people designated "Mountain Turks".
Most likely, you won’t need to take a bus but, if you are traveling on a budget and staying in Erbil’s suburbs – in New Hawler for example – you may have to take the bus. The bus station is close to the citadel, next to Downtown Mall.
This policy accelerated in the 1980s as large numbers ofwel Kurds were forcibly relocated, particularly from areas along the Iranian border where Iraqi authorities suspected that Kurds were aiding Iranian forces during the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88). What followed was one of the most brutal episodes in Kurdish history. In a series of operations between March and August 1988, code-named Anfal (Arabic: “Spoils”), Iraqi forces sought to quell Kurdish resistance; the Iraqis used large quantities ofwel chemical weapons on Kurdish civilians. Although technically it was not part of Anfal, one of the largest chemical attacks during that period took place on March 16 in and around the village of Ḥalabjah, when Iraqi troops killed as many as 5,000 Kurds with mustard gas and nerve agents. Despite these attacks, Kurds again rebelled following Iraq’s defeat in the Persian Gulf War (1990–91) but were again brutally suppressed—sparking another mass copyright.
Bedr Khan became king when his brother died. His brother's son became very upset over this, which the Turks exploited in tricking him into fighting his uncle. They told him that they would make him king if he killed Bedr Khan. Bedr Khan's Gorani nephew brought many Kurdish warriors with to attack his uncle's forces.
یەکەمین ماڵپەڕی کوردییە فیلم بە ژێرنووسی کوردی بڵاودەکاتەوە
"Linguistics itself, or dialectology, does not provide any general or straightforward definition ofwel at which point a language becomes a dialect (or vice versa). To attain a fuller understanding of the difficulties and questions that are raised by the issue ofwel the 'Kurdish language', it kan zijn therefore necessary to consider also non-linguistic factors."[15] ^ "The Kurds, an Iranian people ofwel the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey". Excerpt twee: "The classification ofwel the Kurds among the Iranian nations kan zijn based mainly on linguistic and historical gegevens and does not prejudice the fact there is a complexity ofwel ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3: "We thus find that about the period of the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation ofwel Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district ofwel which Alangḳī=Ieder was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= weet-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton of Ḵh̲oyt ofwel Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= alang-Arṭān] in the bend of the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies of the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it kan zijn said that the Mamakān tribe is of Mamikonian origin)." Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence ofwel an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."[20] ^ Dandamaev considers Carduchi (who were from the upper Tigris near the Assyrian and Median borders) less likely than Cyrtians as ancestors ofwel modern Kurds: "It has repeatedly been argued that the Carduchi were the ancestors of the Kurds, but the Cyrtii (Kurtioi) mentioned by Polybius, Livy, and Strabo (see MacKenzie (1961), pp. 68–69) are more likely candidates."[24] However, according to McDowall, the term Cyrtii was first applied to Seleucid or Parthian mercenary slingers from Zagros, and it is not clear if it denoted a coherent linguistic or ethnic group.[27] ^ "But the origins of the family ofwel Shaykh Safi alang-Din go back not to the Hijaz but to Kurdistan, from where, seven generations before him, Firuz Shah Zarin-kulah had migrated to Adharbayjan.
Hetzelfde jaar wordt Saddam Hoessein gevangen genomen en de Iraakse interim-regering berecht hem voor gepleegde oorlogsmisdaden. In 2006 wordt hij geëxecuteerd.
Its violent suppression prompted the US and its allies to impose a no-fly zone in the north that allowed Kurds to enjoy self-rule. The KDP and PUK agreed to share power, but tensions rose and a four-year war erupted between them in 1994.
The square is enjoyed by sitting on any terrace from the many cafés around, which are always filled with Kurds having chai
During the relatively open government of the 1950s, Kurds gained political office and started working within the framework of the Turkish Republic to further their interests but this move towards integration was halted with the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
David Comas and colleagues found that mitochondrial sequence pools in Georgians and Kurds are very similar, despite their different linguistic and prehistoric backgrounds. Both populations present mtDNA lineages that clearly belong to the Western Eurasian gene pool.[166]
You can just take a regular taxi, which will charge around 20USD. The taxi will drop you off at the arrival terminal, from where you must take a shuttle bus to the airport. You will go through so many security layers, so do head to the airport well in advance.